Ta in Utamwe?
"Utamwe ej juōn mōttan an ta eo juōn armij ej ion e im ilo ejelọk wāwein jolọk jimwe eo an kajojo armij bwe ren bōk kunaer ak lelak ñan jukjukin pād eo."
--Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Armij ro kajojo rej loore kakien an ro ewōr aer Utamwe ilo Jelālọkjān), , 20 U.S.C. §1400(c).
Ewōr elōñ wāwein ko rej oktak im armij, im kakien ko ad, rej kwalok kin "utamwe".
Ewōr bar elōñ wāwein an manit ko lale utamwe, im melele ko ad kin utamwe ekar oktak ilo ien. Lale One Out of Five: Disability History and Pride Project(Juōn Jān Lalem: Būroojāk in Ta eo ej walok jān Etto ñan raan kein ikijen Utamwe im Kajur) materials to learn more disability history and the development of positive disability identity.
men ko ñan katak laplak kin ta eo ej walok jān etto ñan raan kein ikijen utamwe im kwalok an edeklak eman ilo armij kin utamwe.
Ñan rijikuul ro ilo jikuul ko an lọblej, ewōr ruo kakien –Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, ak “IDEA” im Section 504 an Rehabilitation Act (Kakien ñan Anemkwōj) ak “Section 504” lelak jimwe im kōjbarōk ñan rijikuul ro ad ewōr aer utamwe. Kajojo ian kakien kein ej koba ippān juōn kōmmeḷeḷe ko oktak ñan kajojo ajiri ewōr an utamwe.
IDEA Melelein Utamwe
IDEA ej lelak ñan rijikuul ro rej māroñ in tōprak bwe en wōr aer Individualized Education Program (IEP, Būrookraaṃ an Juōn Māke ilo Jelālọkjān). Ej kwalok kin "juōn ajiri ewōr an utamwe," einwōt juōn ajiri emōj etaale, im loe an:
- Wōr an utamwe einwōt an moj kwalok ilo juōn jān 14 kain group ko, im
- Kin wōt utamwe eo im an jelōt im kōmman oktak ilo jelālọkjān,
- aikuj jelālọkjān an ro ewōr aer utamwe im jerbal ko rej epāāke.
Ilo aelōñ in Washington, doulul in utamwe ko im melele ko emōj aer jenolọk ñan kajojo iaer, emōj an laajrak ilo kakien ko an aelōñ eo, Washington Administrative Code (Kakien ko an Washington), ilo WAC 392-172A-01035
Ej koba ippan:
- Utamwe in kōmelij
- Jaroñroñ im billo
- Jaroñroñ
- Eto an Eddeklak
- Utamwe ilo kōlmenlakjān/mwil
- Ben an roñ
- Utamwe ilo māroñ in kōnnaan
- Elōñ kain utamwe ko
- Jorāān majel im di
- Bar jōt jorāān ilo ejmour
- Utamwe in ben ekatak
- Ben an kōnnaan ak kajin
- Jorāān kōmelij
- Jorāān mej koba ippān billo
Kajojo ian kein ilōñ ewōr aer māke melele ilo kakien ko an jelālọkjān an ro ewōr aer utamwe. Ñe kwar lale ñe juōn ajiri emāroñ in wōr an utamwe im ej pād ilo juōn ian kein iloñ ej juōn lōmṇak eman ñan lale melelein ak kajitōk ippān juōn armij bwe en lale ippam. Melelein ej bellọk anḷain ilo WAC 392-172A-01035, ilo https://apps.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=392-172A&full=true#392-172A-01035.
Ñe juōn ajiri ewōr an utamwe emōj kwalok ilo IDEA ak ej aikuj wōt "jerbal eo epāāke" ak "jibāñ" im ejjab "jelālọkjān an ro ewōr aer utamwe" innem rijikuul eo eban māroñ in tōprak ñan IEP ak emāroñ in aikuj an Section 504 būḷāān.
Section 504 Kōmmeḷeḷe in Utamwe
Section 504 ej kabōjrak an bukwōn ko ilo jikin dike armij ro ewōr aer utamwe. Ej kōmman bwe bukwōn ko ren kwalok jelālọkjān an ro ewōr aer utamwe, jibāñ, jerbal ak lelak aikuj ko an juōn rijikuul im juōn wōt melim ñan jelālọkjān. Ej kwalok kin "juōn ajiri ewōr an utamwe einwōt juōn rijikuul ippān:
- Juōn utamwe ilo enbwin ak kōlmenlakjān im ej
- Kōmman joñan
- Juōn ak elaplọk būrookraaṃ ilo mour.
Kwe māroñ in loe elaplọk melele kake Section 504 ilo juōn ian FAQ ko emōj likit ilo U.S Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights (OCR, Opiij eo an Jimwe an Amedka) ilo anḷain, ijin: https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/504faq.html.
OCR ewōr an bar melele ej bellọk anḷain im ej kwalok "Jimwe ko an Rijikuul ro ewōr aer Utamwe im ejjab aolep rej Jellā Kake iumin Section 504 ak Rehabilitation Act (Kakien ñan Anemkwōj jān drike doon ñan ro ewōr aer Utame) an 1973." https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/hq5269.html. Ej kwalok kin wāwein ko remāroñ in jab walok aer bojjak ñan ro jōt ak emāroñ in jelōt juōn rijikuul ilo jikuul eo.
Ta kadkad eo ikōtaan IDEA im Section 504?
Aolep rijikuul
504 māroñ tōbrak
IDEA māroñ tōbrak
Iumin kakien ko jimor, bukwōn ko an jikuul rej aikuj in lelak ñan rijikuul ro ewōr aer utamwe ippān juōn jikin Free Appropriate Public Education (Bōk Jelālọkjān ejelọk Onean), im ekkar likit einwōt FAPE. Ej melelein ke bukwōn ko rej aikuj in kwalok jerbal ko ñan tōbār aikuj ko an kajojo rijikuul ewōr aer inepata ilo eman aer jikuul jān wōt juōn utamwe.
Section 504 ej lelak jerbal ko ñan juōn doulul in rijikuul ro rekileplak jān IDEA kinke ewōr an melele in "utamwe." Innem, ñe juōn rijikuul ej tōbār aikuj in māroñ tōprak ko an IDEA im māroñ in tōprak ñan IEP, rijikuul eo ej bar kōjbarōk iumin Section 504. Ako, elōñ rijkuul ro rej bar kōjbarōk jān Section 504, im ewōr aer ḷōmṇak in Section 504, ak ejjab aikuj jelālọkjān eo aurōk im ejjab māroñ in tōprak ñan juōn IEP iumin IDEA.
Juōn bar wāwein lale kadkad eo ikōtaan ruo kakien ej ñan ḷōmṇak e aolepen rijikuul ro: mokta, jōt ian rijikuul ro ewōr aer utamwe (Section 504); jōt nōmba ko rediklak an rijikuul ro ewōr aer utamwe im aikuj jelālọkjān eo aurōk (IDEA).
Ilo ijin lōñ ej juōn pija ewōr an doulul ej kwalok aolepen rijikuul ro. Doulul eo eman-joñan ilowaan doulul kilep eo ej kwalok kin rijikuul ro ewōr aer utamwe im māroñ in tōprak ñan Section 504 jerbal ko. Ilowaan kumi eo, juōn bar kumi ediklak emāroñ in bar tōprak ñan jerbal ko iumin IDEA. Men eo aurōk in kememej kin jaat ej ke rijikuul ro ilo doulul ko rediklak rej bar mōttan doulul eo ekilep: aolep rijikuul. Ewōr aer ejja jimwe ko wōt einwōt aolep rijikuul, koba ippān kōjbarōk jān dike ro ewōr aer utamwe, koba ippān bellọk ñan jerbal ko rej aikuj ñan bōk kunaer ilo jikuul.
Rijikuul ro rej kōjbarōk jān Section 504 im māroñ in tōprak ñan IEP im enij wōr wōt aer IEP. Aolep kain ilowaan 504 ḷōmṇak eo ej aikuj in koba ippān IEP, ekutkut an pād ilo peij in jibāñ eo ak ilowaan juōn laajrak in jerbal ko rej jibāñ ak jerbal.
Kajojo ajiri ro rej māroñ in tōprak ñan juōn IEP rej bar kōjbarōk iumin Section 504. Ejjam aurōk menin?
Section 504 ej kabōjrak dike doon jān rijikuul ro jān wōt utamwe. Dike doon remāroñ in walok ñe juōn būrookraaṃ ejjab koba ippān rijikuul ro rej māroñ in tōprak kinke ewōr aer utamwe, ak ñe juōn ej kakūtōtō ki juōn rijikuul kin an wōr an utamwe im juōn bukwōn ejjab bōk buñtōn ko ñan lale kakūtōtō ko.
Ñe kwōj tōmāk ke juōn bukwōn emōj an dike juōn armij kin juōn utamwe, loe elaplọk melele kin kelet in dike doon ilo Discrimination Dike Doon peij eo.